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“Land, soil” in every Philippine language

Land, soil across 9 languages, and what the differences tell you.

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Side by side

Land, soil in 9 Philippine languages and English
LanguageLand, soil
EnglishLand, soil
TagalogLupa
IlocanoDaga
CebuanoYuta
HiligaynonDuta
WarayTuna
BikolDaga
KapampanganGabun
PangasinanDalin

What the pattern shows

Six unrelated roots for the ground under your feet, and Ilocano 'daga' collides head-on with Tagalog, where it means a rat.

Where they agree

  • Daga Ilocano, Bikol

Standing alone: English (Land, soil), Tagalog (Lupa), Cebuano (Yuta), Hiligaynon (Duta), Waray (Tuna), Kapampangan (Gabun) and Pangasinan (Dalin).

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Where this comes from

This row is one of 84 concept pages drawn from a parallel set of everyday vocabulary held across nine languages. You can browse all of them, download the whole set under CC BY-SA 4.0, or paste text to find out which language it is.

Compiled from published general reference and pending review by native speakers. If something here is wrong in a language you speak, please tell us.