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“I love you” in every Philippine language

I love you across 9 languages, and what the differences tell you.

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Side by side

I love you in 9 Philippine languages and English
LanguageI love you
EnglishI love you
TagalogMahal kita
IlocanoAy-ayatenka
CebuanoGihigugma tika
HiligaynonPalangga ta ka
WarayHinihigugma ko ikaw
BikolNamumutan ta ka
KapampanganKaluguran daka
PangasinanInaro ta ka

What the pattern shows

Eight languages and eight completely different verbs. This row alone answers the question of whether Philippine languages are 'dialects of each other'.

No two languages here use the same word. That is unusual even on this list, and it is the clearest possible answer to whether these are dialects of one another.

Where this comes from

This row is one of 84 concept pages drawn from a parallel set of everyday vocabulary held across nine languages. You can browse all of them, download the whole set under CC BY-SA 4.0, or paste text to find out which language it is.

Compiled from published general reference and pending review by native speakers. If something here is wrong in a language you speak, please tell us.